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References

  1. The website of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom refers to "Countries within a country", stating "The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland".

  2. Scottish Executive Resources. Scotland in Short. Retrieved on 2006 September 14.

  3. Edinburgh, Inspiring Capital - Information for Journalists - "Edinburgh is Europe's sixth largest fund management centre".

  4. Image showing 1999 Scottish Fishing and Territorial Waters www.opsi.gov.uk

  5. Devine, T.M (1999), The Scottish Nation 1700-2000, P.9, ISBN 0-14-023004-1 "From that point on anti-union demonstrations were common in the capital. In November rioting spread to the south west, that stranglehold of strict Calvinism and covenanting tradition. The Glasgow mob rose against union sympathisers in disturbances which lasted intermittently for over a month"

  6. Keay, J. & Keay, J. (1994) Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland. London. HarperCollins.

  7. Mackie, J.D. (1969) A History of Scotland. London. Penguin.

  8. pdf file "For the purposes of the English conflict of laws, every country in the world which is not part of England and Wales is a foreign country and its foreign laws. This means that not only totally foreign independent countries such as France or Russia... are foreign countries but also British Colonies such as the Falkland Islands. Moreover, the other parts of the United Kingdom - Scotland and Northern Ireland - are foreign countries for present purposes, as are the other British Islands, the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey." Conflict of Laws, JG Collier, Fellow of Trinity Hall and lecturer in Law, University of Cambridge

  9. Skyminds: the Act of Union of 1707 Retrieved 23 March 2007

  10. Devine, T.M (1999), The Scottish Nation 1700-2000, P.288-289, ISBN 0-14-023004-1 "created a new and powerful local state run by the Scottish bourgeoisie and reflecting their political and religious values. It was this local state, rather than a distant and usually indifferent Westminster authority, that in effect routinely governed Scotland"

  11. Hanson, William S. The Roman Presence: Brief Interludes, in Edwards, Kevin J. & Ralston, Ian B.M. (Eds) (2003) Scotland After the Ice Age: Environment, Archaeology and History, 8000 BC - AD 1000. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press

  12. Snyder, Christopher A. (2003), The Britons, Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 0-631-22260-X

  13. Robertson, Anne S. (1960) The Antonine Wall. Glasgow Archaeological Society.

  14. Peter Heather, "State Formation in Europe in the First Millennium A.D.", in Barbara Crawford (ed.), Scotland in Dark Ages Europe, (Aberdeen, 1994), pp. 47–63

  15. For instance, Alex Woolf, "The Verturian Hegemony: a mirror in the North", in M. P. Brown & C. A. Farr, (eds.), Mercia: an Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe, (Leicester, 2001), pp. 106-11.

  16. Dauvit Broun, "Dunkeld and the origin of Scottish identity", in Innes Review, 48 (1997), pp. 112–124, repr. in eds. Dauvit Broun and Thomas Owen Clancy (eds.), Spes Scotorum: Hope of Scots, (1999), pp. 95–111; Dauvit Broun, "Kenneth mac Alpin", in M. Lynch (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Scottish History, (New York, 2001), p.359; Sally Foster, Picts, Gaels and Scots: Early Historic Scotland, (London, 1996); Simon Taylor, "Place-names and the Early Church in Eastern Scotland", in Barbara Crawford (ed.), Scotland in Dark Age Britain, (Aberdeen, 1996), pp. 93–110; David N. Dumville, "St Cathróe of Metz and the Hagiography of Exoticism," in John Carey et al (eds.), Irish Hagiography: Saints and Scholars, (Dublin, 2001), pp. 172–176; Maire, Herbert, "Rí Érenn, Rí Alban, kingship and identity in the ninth and tenth centuries", in Simon Taylor (ed.), Kings, Clerics and Chronicles in Scotland, 500–1297, (Dublin, 2000), pp. 63-72.

  17. The only extensive study of this is L. W. Sharp, The Expansion of the English Language in Scotland, (Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis, 1927), pp. 102-325; another more concise and more recent survey can be found in Derick S. Thomson, Gaelic in Scotland, 1698-1981, (Edinburgh, 1984), pp. 16-41; the best place to look for studies of the transformation of Gaelic institutions will be the two collections of essays by G.W.S. Barrow, The Kingdom of the Scots, 2nd Edn, (Edinburgh, 2003) and Scotland and Its Neighbours In the Middle Ages, (London, 1992); see also Dauvit "Broun, Anglo-French acculturation and the Irish element in Scottish Identity", in Brendan Smith (ed.), Insular Responses to Medieval European Change, (Cambridge, 1999), pp. 135-53; Wilson MacLeod, Divided Gaels: Gaelic Cultural Identities in Scotland and Ireland: c.1200–1650, (Oxford, 2004), and Thomas Owen Clancy, "Gaelic Scotland: a brief history".

  18. The History Channel, The Templar Code, May 17, 2006

  19. For accounts of these events, see Alexander Grant, Independences and Nationhood: Scotland, 1306-1469, (Edinburgh, 1984), pp. 3-57; Michael Brown, The Wars of Scotland, 1214-1371, (Edinburgh, 2004), pp. 157-254; G. W. S. Barrow, Robert Bruce & the Community of the Realm of Scotland, 4th Edition, (Edinburgh, 2005)

  20. See Alexander Grant, Independences and Nationhood: Scotland, 1306-1469, (Edinburgh, 1984) and Jenny Wormald, Court, Kirk and Community, New Edition, (Edinburgh, 1991).

  21. BBC Scotland News Online "Scotland begins pub smoking ban", BBC Scotland News, 2006-03-26. Retrieved on 2006-07-17. (in English)

  22. Scottish Executive- the Scottish Ministers

  23. Scottish Court Information www.scotcourts.gov.uk

  24. Jury Service in Victoria, Chapter 6. This three verdict system is unique to Scotland and has existed there for around 300 years. Retrieved on 2006 September 13.

  25. Law Society of Scotland. England may adopt "Not Proven" Verdict. Retrieved on 2006 September 13.

  26. Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994

  27. http://www.dca.gov.uk/constitution/city/cityhome.htm

  28. Whitaker's Almanack (1991) London. J. Whitaker and Sons.

  29. See http://www.highlandhostel.co.uk.

  30. National Archives. [1] Retrieved 21.11.06

  31. "In 1972 the Isle of Rockall Act was passed, which made the rock officially part of Inverness-shire, Scotland.", bbc.co.uk

  32. House of Lords Hansard, June 24 1997

  33. Oral Questions to the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Dáil Éireann, November 1, 1973 Retrieved 17.01.2007.

  34. MacDonald, Fraser (2006) The last outpost of Empire: Rockall and the Cold War. Journal of Historical Geography 32. P627-647. available in pdf

  35. Murray, W.H. (1973) The Islands of Western Scotland. London. Eyre Methuen

  36. Murray, W.H. (1977) The Companion Guide to the West Highlands of Scotland. London. Collins.

  37. BBC Weather Features UK Records UK Records

  38. Met Office. Met Office - Details for Scotland. Retrieved on 2006 September 14.

  39. BBC Weather features Scottish Weather Part One

  40. Matthews, L.H. (1968) British Mammals. London. Bloomsbury.

  41. Fraser Darling, F. & Boyd, J.M. (1969) Natural History in the Highlands and Islands. London. Bloomsbury.

  42. Gooders, J. (1994) Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Ireland. London. Kingfisher.

  43. Preston, C.D., Pearman, D.A., & Dines, T.D. (2002) New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora. Oxford University Press.

  44. Milner M. and Treanor J.. "Devolution may broaden financial sector's view", The Guardian, 1999-06-02. Retrieved on 2006 August 8. (in English)

  45. Global Connections Survey. Scottish Executive. Retrieved on 2006 December 3.

  46. The Scottish Executive (2006). Scottish Economic Statistics. The Scottish Executive. Retrieved on 2007 April 12.

  47. Unemployment in Scotland lowest since records began. The Scotsman. Retrieved on 2006 December 4.

  48. History of Scottish Banknotes. Scottish Clearing Banks. Retrieved on 2006 December 4.

  49. Banknote Design. Scottish Clearing Banks. Retrieved on 2006 December 4.

  50. Scotland's Population rises for the third year in a row. General Register Office for Scotland April 2006

  51. Strathclyde Passenger Transport [2]

  52. TalentScotland, Scottish Enterprise [3]

  53. Clapperton, C.M. (ed) (1983) Scotland: A New Study. London. David & Charles.

  54. Miller, J. (2004) Inverness. Edinburgh. Birlinn.

  55. Urdustan. net 2004 Scotland speaks Urdu

  56. The Pole Position (August 6, 2005). Glasgow. Sunday Herald newspaper.

  57. Scottish Executive, Statistics [4]

  58. Scotland's Census 2001, Part 1: Census User Needs and Legislation. General Register Office for Scotland.

  59. Dr. Kenneth MacKinnon. A Century on the Census - Gaelic in Twentieth Century Focus. University of Glasgow.

  60. General Register Office for Scotland 2001 Census analysis.

  61. BBC Scotland News Online "DU shell test-firing resumes", BBC Scotland News, 2001-02-21. Retrieved on 2006-09-13. (in English)

  62. Parliament of the United Kingdom - Debates 7 February 2001 Depleted Uranium (Shelling)

  63. Mackay, N and Wilson, A.. "MOD "lied" over depleted Uranium", Sunday Herald. (in English)

  64. Spaven, Malcolm (1983) Fortress Scotland. London. Pluto Press in association with Scottish CND.

  65. UK Defence Statistics, 2005 [5].

  66. Intro to Scottish Education. The Scottish Education Act of 1696 heralded the first National system of education in the World since ancient Sparta. Retrieved on 2007 March 7.

  67. Best Scottish Band of All Time. Retrieved on 2006 August 2.

  68. Barbara Buchenau. 'Wizards of the West'? How Americans respond to Sir Walter Scott, the 'Wizard of the North'. Goettingen University. Retrieved on 2006 December 11.

  69. Scottish Literature. University of Glasgow Faculty of Arts. Retrieved on 2006 December 11.

  70. Contemporary Writers. British Council. Retrieved on 2006 December 12.

  71. Newspapers and National Identity in Scotland. IFLA University of Stirling. Retrieved on 2006 December 12.

  72. Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora. By James Mills, Paul Dimeo: Page 18 - Oldest Football Association is England's FA, then Scotland and third oldest is the Indian FA.

  73. Gerhardt, W.. The colourful history of a fascinating game. More than 2000 Years of Football. FIFA. Retrieved on 2006 August 11.

  74. Official Site of the Tennents Scottish Cup. The Tennents Scottish Cup. Retrieved on 2006 December 10.

  75. TALES from PINEHURST: Stories from the Mecca of American Golf. By Robert Hartman: Page 89.

  76. Science and Golf IV: proceedings of the World Scientific Congress of Golf. By Eric Thain: Page 849.

  77. Scotsman 27 March 2007- Special Report "Business Class"

  78. Informational Site of Highlands and Islands Airports

  79. Flybmi.com- press centre

  80. Transport Scotland, Official transportation site of the Scottish Executive

  81. Scotsman.com- "Years of neglect put M8 on road to ruin"

  82. BBC Scotland News Online "Anthem demand falls on deaf ears", BBC Scotland News, 2004-11-24. Retrieved on 2006-09-13. (in English)

  83. Explanatory Notes to St. Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007 asp 2

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